I asked A.I. about The Default Mode Network. What could it tell me. Here's our conversation:
"The default mode network (DMN) is a fascinating topic in neuroscience. It refers to a network of brain regions that are active when a person is at rest and not focused on the external world. The DMN is involved in self-referential thinking, memory retrieval, and planning for the future."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Default_mode_network
https://www.simplypsychology.org/what-is-the-default-mode-network.html
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/default-mode-network
"The DMN includes areas [of the brain] like the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and angular gyrus. These regions work together when you're reflecting on past experiences, imagining future scenarios, or considering your identity and emotions."
"Interestingly, the DMN is less active when you're concentrating on an external task—like reading, solving a math problem, or engaging in a conversation. Scientists believe that disruptions in the DMN could be linked to mental health conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and schizophrenia."
How do you define "disruptions in the DMN"?
"Disruptions in the default mode network (DMN) refer to abnormalities in its connectivity or activity, often linked to neurological and psychiatric conditions. The DMN is typically active during rest and self-referential thinking, but disruptions can lead to cognitive impairments, memory deficits, and altered emotional processing."
"For example, in Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid beta accumulation in DMN regions like the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus has been associated with reduced functional connectivity, which can predict memory decline. Similarly, in bipolar disorder, studies have shown decreased connectivity within the precuneus and medial prefrontal cortex, affecting mood regulation and cognitive function."
https://academic.oup.com/braincomms/article/3/4/fcab201/6364894
https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-024-05869-y
There is a state in which the default mode network is NOT disrupted?
"Yes! In a healthy, functioning brain, the default mode network (DMN) operates smoothly when a person is at rest, engaged in self-reflection, or thinking about past and future events. In this state, its connectivity remains intact, allowing seamless interaction between regions like the medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and angular gyrus."
"For example:
" - When you're daydreaming, recalling memories, or considering your sense of self, the DMN is highly active and undisturbed.
" - When you shift focus to a task, like solving a problem or reading, the DMN naturally deactivates, allowing other brain networks to take over.
" - A well-functioning DMN also interacts with networks like the central executive network to support creativity and problem-solving."
"If the DMN becomes hyperactive or fails to deactivate when required, it can lead to disruptions, which are often observed in conditions like anxiety and depression. But in a balanced state, the brain smoothly transitions between rest and task-focused modes."
So you are saying the "sense of self" SHOULD not always be online?
"Exactly! The sense of self—which is closely tied to the default mode network (DMN)—naturally shifts between being active and inactive depending on what you're doing. When you're resting, daydreaming, or reflecting on personal experiences, the DMN is online, supporting self-referential thinking. But when you're focused on an external task—like solving a problem, engaging in conversation, or practicing mindfulness—the DMN quiets down, allowing task-positive networks to take over."
"A constant overactivity of the DMN has been linked to rumination, anxiety, and depression, where thoughts about the self become intrusive. On the other hand, practices like meditation aim to reduce DMN activity, helping people feel more present and less caught up in self-focused thinking."
"It’s all about balance—your brain naturally switches between self-reflection and external focus, ensuring you can engage with the world while still maintaining a strong personal identity."
How would self-relection versus external focus impact locus of control and self-control issues?
"Great question! Self-reflection and external focus** play a significant role in shaping locus of control and self-control."
"1. Locus of Control:
" - Self-reflection tends to strengthen an internal locus of control, where individuals believe they have control over their actions and outcomes. When people engage in introspection, they often recognize patterns in their behavior, take responsibility for their choices, and feel empowered to make changes.
" - External focus, on the other hand, can contribute to an external locus of control, where individuals attribute their successes or failures to outside forces like luck or fate. If someone is overly focused on external circumstances, they may feel powerless to influence their own life."
"2. Self-Control:
" - Self-reflection enhances self-regulation, allowing individuals to assess their impulses, set goals, and make deliberate choices. People who frequently reflect on their actions tend to develop stronger self-discipline and emotional resilience."
" - External focus, especially when excessive, can lead to impulsivity or difficulty in maintaining self-control. If someone is constantly reacting to external stimuli without pausing for introspection, they may struggle with delayed gratification and decision-making."
"Balancing self-reflection and external focus is key—too much introspection can lead to overthinking, while excessive external focus can make someone feel disconnected from their own agency."
https://blog.calm.com/blog/locus-of-control
https://www.simplypsychology.org/locus-of-control.html
https://www.mentalhealthwellnessmhw.com/blog/locus-of-control
